Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients

CAS#	Chemical Name	Percent	EINECS/ELINCS
100-41-4	Ethylbenzene	99.0	202-849-4

Section 3 - Hazards Identification

Appearance: clear, colorless liquid. Flash Point: 21 deg C.
Warning! Causes eye irritation. Flammable liquid and vapor. Causes skin irritation. May be absorbed through intact skin. Aspiration hazard if swallowed. Can enter lungs and cause damage. Causes digestive and respiratory tract irritation. May cause central nervous system depression.
Target Organs: Central nervous system.


Potential Health Effects
Eye: Causes moderate eye irritation. Vapors may cause eye irritation.
Skin: Causes skin irritation. Prolonged and/or repeated contact may cause irritation and/or dermatitis. May be absorbed through the skin. Contact with the liquid may cause erythema (redness), exfoliation and vesiculation (blistering).
Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive tract. May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause central nervous system depression, characterized by excitement, followed by headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea. Advanced stages may cause collapse, unconsciousness, coma and possible death due to respiratory failure. Aspiration of material into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis, which may be fatal.
Inhalation: Inhalation of high concentrations may cause central nervous system effects characterized by nausea, headache, dizziness, unconsciousness and coma. Causes respiratory tract irritation. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Chronic: Chronic inhalation may cause effects similar to those of acute inhalation.

Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin: Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.

Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

General Information: Containers can build up pressure if exposed to heat and/or fire. As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air. Vapors can travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Flammable liquid and vapor. Vapors may be heavier than air. They can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. Containers may explode when heated.
Extinguishing Media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. For large fires, use water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Contact professional fire-fighters immediately. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Flash Point: 21 deg C ( 69.80 deg F)
Autoignition Temperature: 810 deg F ( 432.22 deg C)
Explosion Limits, Lower:0.8
Upper: 6.7
NFPA Rating: (estimated) Health: 3; Flammability: 4; Instability: 0

Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks: Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Remove all sources of ignition. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Water spray may reduce vapor but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.
Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Keep from contact with oxidizing materials. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection

Engineering Controls: Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits.
Exposure Limits

Chemical Name	ACGIH	NIOSH	OSHA - Final PELs
Ethylbenzene	100 ppm TWA; 125 ppm STEL	100 ppm TWA; 435 mg/m3 TWA 800 ppm IDLH	100 ppm TWA; 435 mg/m3 TWA

OSHA Vacated PELs: Ethylbenzene: 100 ppm TWA; 435 mg/m3 TWA
Personal Protective Equipment
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves and clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing: Wear appropriate protective gloves and clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical State: Liquid
Appearance: clear, colorless
Odor: aromatic odor
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: 7.1 mm Hg @ 20 C
Vapor Density: 3.7
Evaporation Rate:<1 (butyl acetate=1)
Viscosity: 0.63 mPa s 20 C
Boiling Point: 277 deg F
Freezing/Melting Point:-139 deg F
Decomposition Temperature:Not available.
Solubility: Insoluble.
Specific Gravity/Density:0.9
Molecular Formula:C8H10
Molecular Weight:106.07

Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, ignition sources, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.

Section 11 - Toxicological Information

RTECS#:      
CAS# 100-41-4: DA0700000
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 100-41-4:
     Draize test, rabbit, eye: 500 mg Severe;
     Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 35500 mg/m3/2H;
     Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 55000 mg/m3/2H;
     Oral, rat: LD50 = 3500 mg/kg;
     Oral, rat: LD50 = 3500 mg/kg;
     Skin, rabbit: LD50 = 17800 uL/kg;
.
Oral, rat: LD50 = 5.46
Carcinogenicity:
CAS# 100-41-4:

• ACGIH: A3 - Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans
  
• California: carcinogen, initial date 6/11/04
  
• NTP: Not listed.
  
• IARC: Group 2B carcinogen